2019年1月13日托福阅读真题+题目+答案解析：Early Food Production In Sub-Saharan Africa

2019年1月13日托福阅读真题+题目+答案解析：Early Food Production In Sub-Saharan Africa

At the end of the Pleistocene (around 10,000 B.C.), the technologies of food production may have already been employed on the fringes of the rain forests of western and central Africa, where the common use of such root plants as the African yam led people to recognize the advantages of growing their own food. The yam can easily be resprouted if the top is replanted. This primitive form of "vegeculture" (cultivation of root and tree crops) may have been the economic tradition onto which the cultivation of summer rainfall cereal crops was grafted as it came into use south of the grassland areas on the Sahara's southern borders.

Question 1 of 14

According to paragraph 1, which of the following is true of early food production by the end of the Pleistocene?

A. In certain areas of western and central Africa, some people were already growing root plants such as yams.

B. The cultivation of cereal crops had already been used effectively and widely by people living on the fringes of ram forests.

C. Sophisticated forms of "vegeculture" were introduced for the first time in central and western Africa by people from the Sahara's southern borders.

D. The cultivation of root and tree crops replaced the cultivation of cereal crops because of decreasing summer rainfall in grassland areas.

As the Sahara dried up after 5000 B.C., pastoral peoples (cattle herders) moved southward along major watercourses into the savanna belt of West Africa and the Sudan. By 3000 B.C., just as ancient Egyptian civilization was coming into being along the Nile, they had settled in the heart of the East African highlands far to the south. The East African highlands are ideal cattle country and the home today of such famous cattle-herding peoples as the Masai. The highlands were inhabited by hunter-gatherers living around mountains near the plains until about 3300 B.C., when the first cattle herders appeared. These cattle people may have moved between fixed settlements during the wet and dry seasons, living off hunting in the dry months and their own livestock and agriculture during the rains.

Question 2 of 14

Paragraph 2 mentions all of the following as developments in Sub-Saharan Africa from 5000 to 3000 B.C. EXCEPT

A. The Sahara dried up.

B. Ancient Egyptian civilization started to form along the Nile.

C. The inhabitants of the East African highlands gave up hunting when cattle herders arrived.

D. Pastoral peoples moved through the savanna belt to settle in the East African highlands

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