2019年12月7日托福阅读真题+题目+答案：Horse Figurines in Early Greek Sculpture

2019年12月7日托福阅读真题+题目+答案：Horse Figurines in Early Greek Sculpture

The sculptural tradition that grew up in mainland Greece in the ninth and eighth centuries B.C. is dominated by small works: figurines of horses cast mostly in bronze from six to twelve centimeters in height. The Mycenaean civilization, which flourished in mainland Greece from 1500 to 1100 B.C., had also lacked large sculptures, but its figurine traditions were dominated by terra-cottas (objects made of fired clay) and by two types: figurines of goddesses and of cattle. Although sanctuaries (temples) continue to be the main focus for sculptural activity in mainland Greece, the statuettes from the ninth and eighth centuries B.C. are more often of horses than of anything else. At the end of the eighth century B.C., the horse quite suddenly lost popularity and was never again an important part of bronze on terra-cotta figurine tradition.

1.Which of the following statements about Mycenaean sculptures can be inferred from paragraph 1?

A.They mostly served religious purposes.

B.They were generally larger than figurines of the ninth and eighth centuries B.C.

C.They have survived in greater numbers than figurines of the ninth and eighth centuries B.C.

D.They were used primarily for home decoration.

Bronze horse figurines were made all over mainland Greece in the eighth century B.C., and they were typically dedicated by worshipers to sanctuaries of the gods. They were made in a number of distinct regional styles, all of which changed slowly over time. It is possible both to trace a general evolution and to explore the different choices and priorities made by different "schools" of artists in different places. And since the regions were not isolated from one another, contact and influence can also be traced as different local traditions culled insights and methods from each other.

2.Paragraph 2 supports which of the following statements about the different regional traditions of making bronze horse figurines in the eighth century B.C.?

A.They differed in the purposes for which the figurines were made.

B.They underwent rapid change during the eighth century B.C.

C.They developed in broadly similar ways while remaining stylistically distinguishable.

D.They developed largely independently of each other.

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