2019年5月26日托福阅读真题+题目+答案：Isolation and diversification in the Tropical

2019年5月26日托福阅读真题+题目+答案：Isolation and diversification in the Tropical

The dense vegetation of the tropical rain forest preventing living organisms from moving easily. This in the way the rain forest limits human movement. For example, each valley in New Guinea, an large tropical rain forests, has its own tribe— each with language manner of dress, and child-rearing tendency. This diversification is so great that New Guineans have developed about 1000 different languages in contrast to the fifty that occur throughout all of Europe. Often people born in these isolated tribes never venture further than 10 miles from their birthplace.

1.According to paragraph 1, why does the author mention the 50 languages of Europe?

A.To emphasis the number of the nations in new Guinea

B.To contrast some of the nations in Europe share the same culture

C.To point out the large number of languages spoken in the New Guinean

D.To explains that the people there are unwilling to travel farther area

2.According to paragraph 1, all of the following statements about the tribes that live in the tropical rain forests of New Guinea are true EXCEPT

A.They can be found in valleys

B.They each dress in a distinctive way

C.They share a common approach to child-rearing

D.They have little contact with people live from other New Guinea tribes

It is not unreasonable to surmise that the same cause of the great diversity of tribes and languages in the rainforests of New Guinea—the extreme hindrance to movement caused by ecological congestion—may also have contributed to the great diversity in plants and animals in rainforests worldwide.▋In open continental regions, over grasslands or dry stretches, birds or insects may travel many miles before they come upon a new likely residence. ▋But beneath the rainforest canopy, dispersal potential becomes drastically severed, and no bird, animal or insect could move very far before encountering a wealth of edible opportunities and available habitats. ▋Jungle populations that become separated from each other by just hundreds or even tens of miles may be as effectively and permanently isolated from each other as if they were on opposite sides of the globe. ▋Indeed, this is one of the evolutionary reasons for the very bright colors and loud calls of many rain forest plants and animals. Consider the vocalizations and vibrancy of parrots and toucans (tropical birds with typically brightly covered feathers) or consider the howler monkey, the world’s loudest land animal. These noisy or highly visible shows help the animals discover the whereabouts of other members of the same species within the lavish display of green.

3.The word “congestion” in the passage is closest in meaning to

A.growth

B.overcrowding

C.damage

D.interdependent

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