2019年8月24日托福阅读真题+题目+答案：Cave Artists

2019年8月24日托福阅读真题+题目+答案：Cave Artists

The earliest surviving cave and rock art was created in the Paleolithic period (40.000-10,000 years ago) in locations that were not sites of human habitation. Some Paleolithic artwork was ephemeral—only six examples of open-air engravings survive—but the fine-art engravings and paintings that decorate caves were made to last and did last, in some cases for hundreds and even thousands of years, during which they were available for delight and use. Big cave galleries thus contained work done over a long period，available for comparison to people who had some notion of historical time and were developing a sense of their ancestry. The best Paleolithic art, especially the polychrome paintings, was the work of professionals.

We can say this with some confidence, for cave art at its best was difficult and expensive to produce. In the first place, it required lighting. Some 85 certain and 31 probable examples of Paleolithic lamps have survived, but less than one-third of them were found inside caves. The conjecture, therefore, is that artists usually worked by torchlight. Both lamps and torches consume animal fats in large quantities. Second, while it is true that some of the best cave paintings, especially at Altamira in Spain, were painted by artists standing up or in some cases lying down or squatting, others required elaborate scaffolding, no different in principle from that used by Renaissance artist Michelangelo when he painted the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel. Some of the paintings were。。。。。余下托福阅读真题题目省略！

1.The word "ephemeral” in the passage is closest in meaning to

A undeveloped

B short-lived

C of poor quality

D hard to find

2.Which of the following can be inferred from paragraph 1 about large cave galleries?

A Some contain open areas where engravings were made.

B They were visited by multiple generations of cave people.

C Most of the art works in them take the form of polychrome paintings.

D Cave people lived inside them for many years.

3.The word "conjecture” in the passage is closest in meaning to

A custom

B complication

C expense

D conclusion

。。。。。余下托福阅读真题题目省略！

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