2019年5月28日托福阅读真题+题目+答案：Reconstructing Prehistoric Human Lifestyle

2019年5月28日托福阅读真题+题目+答案：Reconstructing Prehistoric Human Lifestyle

Paragraph 1: The goal of prehistoric archaeology is to reconstruct to the greatest extent possible, through the use of a wide array of scientific methods, the way of life of early nonliterate peoples. Determining the diet of such groups is one of the central concerns of prehistoric human ecology. Floral and faunal remains found in sites of human habitation are the principal forms of evidence archaeologists use. For example, pollen and seeds recovered from places where humans lived are compared with samples taken from locations with no sign of human habitation. If pollen and seeds of certain edible plants are found to be more abundant at the sites of human habitation, one may conclude that the plants were being eaten by human inhabitants.

1. In paragraph 1, the author mentions which of the following as a method used by archaeologists to discover what early humans ate?

O Determining whether flora and fauna growing today at sites where prehistoric people lived were present at these sites in prehistoric times

O Determining whether pollen and seeds were more numerous in places where prehistoric humans lived than in other places

O Observing modern humans whose way of life is similar to that of early humans

O Comparing samples from a variety of places where humans lived with one another

Paragraph 2: In like fashion, zooarchaeologists are able to use animal bones abandoned at ancient hunter-gatherer living sites to reconstruct diet and even season of occupation. Sometimes they are able to use more direct evidence of human diet, drawn from the analysis of human bone. Chemical analysis of bones enables archaeologists to determine the proportion of meat to vegetable foods in the diet by measuring the proportion of calcium to strontium in ancient bone because strontium in place of calcium in bones comes primarily from ingested plants. Some information on diet can also be derived from fully fossilized teeth. Such information comes from the fine scratches on the surface of teeth caused by abrasive particles in the food, damage known as microwear.

2. The word ‘abandoned’ in the passage is closest in meaning to

O buried

O found

O located

O left

3. The phrase 'derived from' in the passage is closest in meaning to

O obtained from

O indicated by

O sought from

O connected with

4. Paragraph 2 states that, in addition to diet, archaeologists can determine which of the following by examining animal bones at living sites?

O The time of year the site was occupied

O The date at which the site was abandoned

O The number of people who lived at the site

O The number of years the site was occupied

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