2021年12月22日托福阅读真题+题目+答案：Bat Diets

2021年12月22日托福阅读真题+题目+答案：Bat Diets

One of the most dramatic measures of the diversity of bats is the variety of food they consume.Although some 600 species eat insects as the main dietary staple,others live on fruit,nectar and pollen,fish, frogs,birds,small mammals,blood,and even other bats.Most of this diversity occurs in the tropics,although many bats from temperate regions vary their diets by eating a wide range of insects.

1.According to paragraph 1,which of the following statements describes the diet of bats in tropical regions?

A Bats in tropical regions consume more plant life than animal life.

B Bats in tropical regions consume less food than bats in other regions do.

C Bats in tropical regions are more likely to consume insects than are bats in other regions.

D Bats in tropical regions consume more different kinds of food than do bats in other regions.

What any bat eats is determined by two important factors:the need for enough energy to keep the body going and the need for essential chemicals to maintain it.Just as an automobile requires fuel to move and lubricants to keep the engine running smoothly,animals require protein,carbohydrates,or fat for energy along with vitamins and minerals to stay healthy.Since it is essential for bats to consume enough calories to make flight,reproduction,growth,and other bodily functions possible,it is easy to see why such variety is necessary in their diets.Species that feed mainly on plant products require protein, which can be obtained by eating animals (insects),pollen (which provides only moderate amounts of protein),or large quantities of fruit (a very limited source of protein).Bats feeding on insects appear to obtain a balanced diet from this source of nutrition.

2.According to paragraph 2,which of the following food items provides the most complete source of nutrition for bats?

A Pollen

B Insects

C Fruit

D A combination of fruit and pollen

To obtain the energy and chemicals they need,bats consume vast quantities of food.Small insectivorous species (species that eat mainly insects)eat at least 30 percent of their body weight each night they are active,and in nursing mothers the amount may exceed 50 percent.These figures appear to apply to all bats,regardless of diet. It may not be impressive to learn that a little brown bat eats three grams of insects on a summer night,but to find 150 mosquitoes in its stomach certainly is,especially when you realize they are not an entire night’s ration and the bat probably caught them in less than fifteen minutes.The most impressive statistic of insect consumption comes from Texas,where it is estimated that a local population of Mexican free-tailed bats eats slightly more than 6,000 tons of insects each summer.

3.Paragraph 3 supports which of the following generalizations about bats' diets?

A Females consume more than twice the weight of food that male bats consume.

B Free-tailed bats consume a greater quantity of food in a summer than do other types of bats.

C Whether a bat eats fruit,fish,or insects,it needs to consume at least 30 percent of its body weight in food each night it feeds.

D The types of food that bats eat have less nutritional value than the types of food eaten by most other animals.

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