2021年4月13日托福阅读真题+题目+答案：What Made Venetian Art Different

2021年4月13日托福阅读真题+题目+答案：What Made Venetian Art Different

Venice was a major center for art in the Renaissance, yet it produced a style of art and architecture markedly different from that of other Italian cities like Rome or Florence. It owed this uniqueness to a thriving commercial empire: between the ninth and fifteenth centuries, Venice gained control over Mediterranean shipping and so became the most important market for goods from all over the known world. Because of the presence of traders and immigrants from far and wide and the experiences of its own merchants and diplomats, Venice benefitted from a huge range of cultural influences on its art and architecture.

1.According to paragraph 1, in which of the following ways did commerce affect the development of Venetian art?

A It created a market for Venetian art in other cities.

B It led to improvements in the ships that exported Venetian art.

C It provided opportunities for contact with different cultures.

D It gave traders and diplomats a role in advising Venetian architects.

Perhaps the biggest external influence on Venice was the East-Byzantium and the Islamic lands- seen especially in the architecture of its two most prominent buildings, Saint Mark's Basilica and the Doge's (Duke's) Palace. The basic interior plan of St. Mark's was derived from the sixth-century Church of the Apostles in Constantinople, and so, unlike most ltalian churches of its time, it is in the form of a Greek cross, with four extensions or“arms" of equal length. The arrangement of domes above the arms is similar to that in Islamic architecture in Egypt. However, the architecture of St. Mark's is not a simple imitation of Eastern antecedents. Although the four arms of the church are of equal length, they vary in height and width, and the domes were raised and enlarged in the thirteenth century to make them more prominent in the city's skyline. The adjoining Doge's Palace, which was the political center of Renaissance Venice, is mostly an example of the Gothic style, which originated in northern Europe. Yet it too has Eastern elements. The details of its roof ornamentation, the patterns of its pink and white marble facing, and its pointed arches are reminiscent of major buildings in Egypt, one of Venice's most important trading partners.

2.Paragraph 2 suggests which of the following about the design of the Doge's Palace?

A It was meant to remind foreign traders of their own homes.

B Its interior plan is based largely on that of St. Mark's Basilica.

C Its arches have been enlarged over time.

D It is more closely related to the Gothic style than to any Eastern style.

3.According to paragraph 2, what is one similarity between St. Mark's Basilica and the Doge's Palace?

A They are both built in the shape of a Greek cross.

B They have domes that are the same size and height.

C They have features associated with Egyptian buildings.

D They are direct imitations of more ancient buildings in the East.

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