托福阅读真题+题目+答案：Weather Forecasting

托福阅读真题+题目+答案：Weather Forecasting

Because the many variables that affect weather are constantly changing, meteorologists have used high-speed computers to devise atmospheric models that describe the present state of the atmosphere. These are not physical models that paint a picture of a developing storm; they are, rather, mathematical models consisting of dozens of mathematical equations that describe how atmospheric pressure, winds, and moisture will change with time. Actually, the models do not fully represent the real atmosphere but are approximations formulated to retain the most important aspects of the atmosphere' s behavior.

1.The word "devise" in the passage is closest in meaning to

A adjust

B create

C evaluate

D improve

2.Paragraph 1 supports all of the following statements about the atmospheric models used by meteorologists EXCEPT:

A They provide an account of the atmosphere at the current time.

B They incorporate equations that reflect changes in atmospheric conditions over time.

C They identify locations in which storms are likely to develop.

D They focus more heavily on some aspects of the actual atmosphere than on others.

A good forecaster knows the idiosyncrasies of each model and carefully scrutinizes all the progs. The forecaster then makes a prediction based on the guidance of the computer. This prediction is a personalized practical interpretation of the weather situation given the local geographic features that influence the weather within the specific forecast area. Since the forecaster has access to hundreds of weather maps each day, why is it that forecasts are sometimes wrong?

3.According to paragraph 3, in making a prediction, a good forecaster does all of the following EXCEPT

A take into account the unique features of each model

B create detailed progs from each of the relevant models

C consult a number of daily weather maps

D take into account how local geography may affect weather

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