2021年4月13日家庭版托福阅读真题+题目+答案：Early European Tapestries

2021年4月13日家庭版托福阅读真题+题目+答案：Early European Tapestries

Tapestries, handwoven textiles made with different colored threads to produce designs or images, were highly popular in western and northern Europe between the thirteenth and seventeenth centuries. The nobility at the time usually lived in big, austere, drafty castles, and tapestries provided comfort and warmth. They could be hung on cold walls or used to cover doors and windows. Noble families often did not have a permanent home, instead moving periodically among several locations. Tapestries, which were expensive, were usually packed and moved each time, bringing with them a sense of luxury and familiarity.

1.In paragraph 1,the author mentions that tapestries "could be hung on cold walls or used to cover doors and windows" to help the reader understand why

A the nobility used tapestries in their living spaces

B tapestries had to be woven in a particular way

C tapestries were so expensive

D tapestries were packed and stored during warmer parts of the year

Some of the most famous tapestries were woven from wool in Flanders (modern Belgium), a region well-placed for tapestry production. Many of the plants that supplied dyes grew there. The leaves of the woad plant were used to make blue, and madder root provided red. Yellow came from different materials, including onion skins and lemon peels, though most of these yellows faded quickly, thus also affecting the quality of green, which is a mixture of blue and yellow. High-quality wool was not produced in Flanders but was readily imported from nearby England.

Paragraph 2 supports which of the following ideas about blue and red dyes from Flanders?

A They came from different parts of the same plant.

B They were more widely available than other dye colors.

C They were of much higher quality than the red and blue dyes produced in other places.

D They retained their brightness longer than yellow dyes.

Because of a long history of textile production, Flanders already boasted many skilled weavers and dyers when tapestry production began to increase, and this advantage grew in the late fifteenth century because of unrest in Flanders' southern neighbor, France. Originally, Paris had been a center of tapestry production, but the turmoil produced by the Hundred Years' War between England and France (1337- 1453) caused many textile workers to relocate to Flanders or to the city of Arras, which was then a part of the Duchy of Burgundy. Following the death of the duke of Burgundy in 1477, the French king Louis XI conquered the territories around Arras. Its inhabitants, still loyal to Burgundy, then expelled all the French who had lived in the city. In retaliation, Louis attacked the town and, in turn, expelled the inhabitants loyal to Burgundy, including the textile workers, many of whom fled to Flanders. Paris regained some of its strength in tapestry production in the seventeenth century, when Louis XIV established the famed Gobelins workshops there.

3.Which of the sentences below best expresses the essential information in the highlighted sentence in the passage? Incorrect choices change the meaning in important ways or leave out essential information.

A As demand for tapestries grew in France in the late fifteenth century, Flanders had to employ many more weavers and dyers to increase tapestry production.

B Flanders' advantage of having many killed workers involved in the growing tapestry trade only increased in the late fifteenth century as a result of unrest in France.

C Weavers and dyers in Flanders were more numerous and skilled than those in France,which lacked Flanders' advantage of a long history of textile production.

D In the late fifteenth century, skilled weavers and dyers increased in Flanders, which had a long history of textile production, but they also increased in France.

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