2021年3月2日托福阅读真题+题目+答案：Cotton Ginning and Interchangeable Parts:The Legacy of Eli Whitney

2021年3月2日托福阅读真题+题目+答案：Cotton Ginning and Interchangeable Parts:The Legacy of Eli Whitney

Cotton is a soft fiber that grows around the seeds of the cotton plant.It was first cultivated in the Indus Valley about 6,000 years ago and then spread to Egypt,Persia,China,and the Mediterranean.For thousands of years,the cultivation of cotton was very labor-intensive. Many steps were involved in preparing cotton to be used in a garment,and many machines were invented to make cotton more valuable as a general-purpose textile material.

1.The word"garment"in the passage is closest in meaning to

A weaving device

B article of clothing

C farming method

D manufacturing process

The process of separating cotton fibers from seeds is called ginning,which is depicted as far back as the fifth century in paintings in the Ajanta Caves in India. ⬛ Egyptian cotton has the longest fibers and is used to make premium fabrics. ⬛ In the American South,the high quality long-staple cotton can be grown only in a narrow band along the Carolina and Georgia coast and is called Sea Island cotton. ⬛ The interior areas of the American South can only grow Upland short- staple cotton. ⬛ The shorter-length fibers mean reduced yarn and cloth quality,and they have "fuzzy"seeds because the fibers are tightly attached to the entire seed surface.This strong attachment of fibers to seeds makes it difficult to remove the fibers without damage,which made the process expensive as it was time-consuming and labor- intensive.These time-consuming tasks were done by slaves in the American southern states during the 1800s.

2.Which of the following can be inferred from paragraph 2 about cotton grown in the American South?

O The cotton grown in the American South is of higher quality than Egyptian cotton.

O Both long-and short-staple cotton can be grown successfully throughout the American South.

O Most areas of the American South are able to produce only low- quality cotton.

O The American South produced only small amounts of cotton during the 1800s.

3.According to paragraph 2,why are short-staple cotton varieties difficult to work with?

○ They produce only small amounts of fiber.

○ Their fibers are tightly attached to the seeds,making them hard to remove.

○ Shorter-length fibers are easily damaged during cloth manufacture.

○ The fibers are especially fuzzy and rough,making them hard to handle.

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