2014年6月15日托福阅读真题P3+题目+答案解析：Newspaper in Western Europe

2014年6月15日托福阅读真题P3+题目+答案解析：Newspaper in Western Europe

By the eighteenth century, newspapers had become firmly established as a means of spreading news of European and world affairs, as well as of local concerns, within European society. One of the first true newspapers was the Dutch paper Nieuwe Tijdingen. It began publication in the early seventeenth century at about the same time that the overseas trading company called the Dutch East India Company was formed. The same ships that brought goods back from abroad brought news of the world, too.

1.According to paragraph 1，what was true about the Dutch paper Nieuwe Tijdingen ?

A.It reported news mainly about ships and trade goods

B.It was established in the eighteenth century

C.It was among the first real newspapers in Europe.

D.It was published by an overseas trading company.

答案：C

题型：事实信息题

解析：根据题干信息“the Dutch paper Nieuwe Tijdingen”定位到第一段第二句“One of the first true newspapers was the Dutch paper Nieuwe Tijdingen.”结合选项信息判断，选项A，信息未提及;选项B“the eighteenth century”错误，原文是“It began publication in the early seventeenth century”;选项C正确;选项D，信息未提及。

Dutch publishers had an advantage over many other publishers around Europe because the Netherlands` highly decentralized political system made its censorship laws very difficult to enforce. Throughout Europe in the seventeenth century, governments began recognizing the revolutionary potential of the free press and began requiring licenses of newspapers-to control who was able to publish news. Another tactic, in France and elsewhere on the continent from the 1630s onward, was for governments to sponsor official newspapers. These state publications met the increasing demand for news but always supported the government`s views of the events of the day.

2.Paragraph 2 suggests that the main reason why governments began to license newspapers was

A.to make sure that newspapers were of high quality

B.to provide their countries' publishers with an advantage over other European publishers

C.to reduce competition among government-sponsored newspapers

D.to help control the public's attitudes about the news

答案：D

题型：推理题

解析：题目问政府开始审查报纸的原因。

根据关键词“governments began to license newspapers”定位该句：Throughout Europe in the seventeenth century, governments began recognizing the revolutionary potential of the free press and began requiring licenses of newspapers…to control who was able to publish news.

由“began recognizing the revolutionary potential of the free press...to control who was able to publish news. ”可确定D选项。政府认为自由媒体有革命潜力，开始要求审查报纸，补充政府不希望被推翻，新闻媒体对公众舆论态度的影响力等尝试，可知D选项，政府的目的是控制公众对新闻的态度。

3.According to paragraph 2, what was true about official government newspapers?
A They made censorship laws more difficult to enforce
B They expanded the revolutionary potential of the press
C They appeared first in the Netherlands
D They always agreed with the government's opinion
答案：D
题型：事实信息题
解析：题目问段落2 提到的关于官方报纸正确的说法。
根据关键词“official government newspapers”定位到第二最后两句，选项A表述与原文不符;选项B“expanded”原文未提及;选项C信息未提及;选项D对应原文：but always supported the government’s views of the events of the day.

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