托福阅读真题+题目+答案：The British Economy Under the Roman Empire

托福阅读真题+题目+答案：The British Economy Under the Roman Empire

Following the Roman Empire conquering the area in the first century A.D., there is a great deal of archaeological evidence for the economic growth of the British Isles. Prior to this event, the economy of the British Isles, which was based on manufacturing, was centered mainly on the household and on craft skills, and where the best quality and greatest range of goods were largely a monopoly of the tribal aristocracies. This was the nature of the economy which lasted in regions of Britain that were unconquered by the Roman Empire, even though some Roman products were utilized in such areas. The majority of these Roman artifacts were glass vessels, pots, as well as small metal objects that were dispersed over a vast region. They perhaps held a symbolic value and were not necessarily used for their originally designed purposes. The spread of Roman objects beyond Roman Britain does not seem to have happened on an enormous scale. In areas where artifacts are more numerous, it is likely due to gift giving during close interactions between the Roman government and the tribes.

In regions that experienced direct economic control under the Romans, however, economic growth is clearly notable. There was an enormous increase in the number and variety of goods in circulation and the range of settlements in which they were found. This is clearly true in the overwhelming majority of excavated sites in Roman Britain, with the only exceptions being some rural regions that continued the pre-Roman, Iron Age pattern. The majority of sites resulted in the discovery of an abundance of iron, glass, and pottery, and good quantities of copper alloys, lead, tin, silver, and occasionally gold. For example, the humble iron nail is found in numbers not repeated until the Industrial Revolution.

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托福阅读真题题目：

1 • Which of the sentences below best expresses the essential information in the highlighted sentence in the passage?Incorrect choices change the meaning in important ways or leave out essential information.

(A) Prior to the Roman conquest, the majority of manufacturing was focused on supplying the aristocratic tribal households.

(B)Before the first century A.D., the manufacturing economy was not as developed as it would become under the Roman Empire,but there was a vast range of articles available to the aristocracy.

(C)Before the Roman conquest, the majority of manufacturing in the British Isles was mostly devoted to household product! with the highest quality products monopolized by the tribal aristocracies.

(D)The pre-Roman British society was ruled by tribal aristocracies and evolved with a focus on high-quality craftsmanship of household goods.

2. The word lasted in the passage is closest in meaning to

(A) endured

(B) spread

(C) was copied

(D) was presented

3. The word dispersed in the passage is closest in meaning to

(A) found

(B) spread

(C) amassed

(D) manufactured

4. According to paragraph 1, the presence of a multitude of Roman products in the regions of Britain that were not under Roman was caused by

(A) the trade of goods between traveling Roman craftspeople through Britain and local inhabitants

(B) gifts Roman government officials provided to local tribes due to close relationships with the tribes and their officials

(C) trade between centers of manufacturing in Roman Britain and in centers in other regions of the Roman Empire

(D) the settlement of a high number of Roman people in regions around the Roman Britain province

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