2017年11月11日托福阅读真题+题目+答案+翻译：Tree Species Identification in Tropical Rain Forests

2017年11月11日托福阅读真题+题目+答案：Tree Species Identification in Tropical Rain Forests

1. Identifying tree species in tropical rain forests may be harder than you think .

2. Plant species identification can be difficult for all kinds of reasonseven identification of trees ，which are big and conspicuous . For example，for some willow trees，both leaves and flowers may be needed for identification，but the two may not be present at the same time. Yet whatever problems may confront us in temperate climates，we can be sure that the tropics will pose far worse difficulties.

3. In tropical rain forests，the flowers of a given tree species are typically not in bloom and so cannot be observed. In seasonal rain forests (with a distinct wet season and a distinct dry season) ，many trees adjust their flowering to the rains，so flowering is to some extent predictable. But much rain forest (as in much of the Amazon region) is nonseasonal ，and trees may flower at any time. To be sure，different trees of the same species generally flower simultaneously ，for if they did not，they could not pollinate each other. 80 they must be responding to signals from the environment at large，or else (or in addition) they must be communicating with one another. But what those signals are is unknown，at least to us. To the human observer，the flowering seems random. In any case ，in a tropical forest (at least in a secondary forest ，which is forest that is regrowing after previous harvesting or clearance) ， the trees grow very close together，and most are remarkably thin，like poles，and grow straight up and disappear into the gloom，twenty meters overhead . Even if there are flowers， you would not necessarily see them .

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托福阅读真题题目：

1..The word conspicuous in the passage is closest in meaning to

A. close to each other

B. common

C. easily noticed

D. solitary

2..ln paragraph 1，why does the author discuss willow trees

A. To provide an example of a tree that is unusually large

B. To explain the process of tree species identification

C. To support the idea that tropical trees can be more difficult to identify than temperate trees

D. To demonstrate one reason why it can be problematic to determine what species a tree belongs to

3..Paragraph 2 implies which of the following about tree flowering in seasonal rainforests

A. It is less predictable than tree flowering in tropical rain forests

B. It results from an unknown means of communication between the individual trees of each species.

C. It is more useful to researchers trying to identify tree species than is the tree flowering in tropical rain forests.

D. It follows the same pattern that tree flowering follows in a tropical secondary forest.

4..In paragraph 2，why does the author discuss pollination

A. To provide evidence that in many tropical tree species flowering is at least somewhat predictable

B. To help explain why flowers on trees in tropical rainforests can be absent most of the time

C. To help explain why different trees of the same species bloom at the same time

D. To suggest one reason why trees might benefit from adjusting their flowering to the rains

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