TPO60阅读真题+题目+答案下载：The Revolution of Cheap Print

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TPO60阅读真题+题目+答案下载：The Revolution of Cheap Print

[ Paragraph 1] The first half of the nineteenth century saw dramatic changes in the economics of the printed word in both the United States and Europe, though the changes generally happened earlier and on a wider basis in America. In the 1830s and 1840s, sharp reductions in prices for newspapers and books in America highlighted the advent of an era of cheap print. Now there were daily newspapers that instead of 6 cents per copy sold for a penny or two. Now there were novels that instead of an earlier price of $2 sold for 25 cents or less, when the same books in Brita in cost the equivalent of more than $7. So steep were the declines in the price of print over so short a period that they amounted to an information-price revolution, the f irst of several such episodes of declining prices that have profound ly affected information and culture during the past two centuries. Two mid-nineteenth-century American cultural innovations, the "penny press" and the "dime novel," were actually named for their low price These were criticized for being cheap in both senses of that word low in price and low in taste But low price did not necessarily mean lowbrow increasingly, book publishers issued even the most esteemed works in cheap as well as expensive editions to reach as wide a publ ic as possible. The information-price revolution also affected religious and polit ica l publishing, as reading became a basis of mass persuasion for the f irst time in history.

1. The word "advent" in the passage is closest in meaning to

A. success

B. situation

C. ideal

D. beginning

2. Which of the following claims is made about the low-price publications mentioned in paragraph 1?

A. Inexpensive novels did not actually have a wide readership

B. The criticism that cheap novels lacked taste was not always valid.

C. Only the most highly regarded books were unavailable in cheap editions.

D. Book publishers issued as many esteemed works as works that were not widely respected.

3. All of the following are mentioned in paragraph 1 as being true of nineteenth-century print prices EXCEPT:

A. Prices first experienced a significant decrease in the 1830s and 1840s

B. Daily newspapers that sold for 6 cents in Britain sold for a penny or two in America.

C. Some American novels declined in price from two dollars to about 25 cents

D. Reductions in print prices had effects that lasted well into the twentieth century

[ Paragraph 2] Cheap print was not entirely unprecedented. In seventeenth- and eighteenth-century England and France, cheap collections of stories, ballads, and other miscellany had circu lated among the lower classes. But since only a minority of the poor could read, most listened while a few read aloud; thus cheap print reached not so much a reading as a listening public. The expansion of cheap print in the nineteenth century in America and Europe was on a much larger scale, and it took place during a great increase in popular literacy. Together these amounted to a cultural watershed Traditionally, even in literate homes, books and other publications had been relatively rare and treasured objects; reading meant returning to a few texts, especially religious works. But with the explosion of print, read ing became more varied, and readers scanned newspapers, magazines, and cheap books that they soon passed on or discarded. Intensive read ing of relig ious and other works did not disappear, but read ing became an increasing ly common form of diversion as well as devotion.

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