TPO66阅读原文+题目+答案下载：Visions of the Land

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TPO66阅读原文+题目+答案下载：Visions of the Land

Successive generations of North Americans have viewed their continent's natural environment in different ways. From the vantage point of the present it is clear that perceptions of the land have changed dramatically from the first years of settlement to the Civil War. Not only have such visions often shifted, but also different peoples have used their particular perspective to reshape the land itself and make it fit their own sense of what nature should be. If the consequences of some changes, such as cutting forests and filling in lowlands, have been deliberate and purposeful-to open the landscape and create sweeping vistas, for example-other human undertakings, such as mining and dam building, have brought results neither anticipated nor intended. Native peoples, no less than the first colonists and subsequent immigrants to North America, have reshaped the natural environment to meet their physical wants and spiritual needs Indeed, much of the landscape we know today reflects patterns of use and abuse that began several centuries ago.

1. (单选题) Which of the sentences below best expresses the essential information in the highlighted sentence in the passage?

Incorrect choices change the meaning in important ways or leave out essential information.

A. Some changes to the land have been made to improve the landscape, and others have been made for economic reasons

B. While human beings intend to improve land when making changes to it, some of their undertakings have brought disagreeable results

C. Of all the changes made by human beings, those made to forests and lowlands have been the most deliberate and purposeful

D. While the consequences of some changes to the land have been intentional, others have been unexpected

2. (单选题) The word'subsequent in the passage is closest in meaning to

A. Later

B. Original

C. Numerous

D. occasional

Long before the first European settlers reached the continent's eastern shores, native peoples had developed agricultural practices that had changed the face of the land. By cutting away the bark to kill trees selectively, Indians in the Virginia tidewater (low, coastal land) and much of the Northeast had cleared space to plant small gardens of corn, squash, beans, and melons Although the first English immigrants described the countryside as almost entirely wooded, the forests provided canopies of large, well-spaced trees under which a horse and rider could pass unhindered. By frequently moving their garden plots to find more-fertile soil and by periodically burning the undergrowth, Indians had further opened the land, in this way facilitating their hunting of deer and other game Native American visions of the landscape not surprisingly featured people living in harmony with nature, whose riches they celebrated in seasonal rituals and through time- honored practices.

3. (单选题) In paragraph 2, why does the author mention that Native Americans frequently moved their garden plots to more fertile soil and periodically burned the undergrowth?

A. To identify some of the seasonal rituals practiced by Native Americans

B. To contrast Native American with European agricultural practices

C. To explain some of the techniques Native Americans used to change the landscape even before the arrival of Europeans

D. To demonstrate that the hunting of deer and other game played a central role in Native American culture

4. (单选题) Which of the following can be inferred from paragraph 2 about tree density in American forests?

A. The forests became less dense over time because Europeans cleared paths for riding horses

B. Planting gardens was the primary way Native Americans kept forests from becoming too dense to travel through

C. The Native American practice of clearing trees by cutting away the bark caused them to grow back more densely than before

D. The forests were less dense than they appeared because Native Americans had cleared away selected trees

5. (单选题) According to paragraph 2, all of the following are ways that Native Americans altered the land EXCEPT

A. holding seasonal rituals

B. removing trees

C. burning undergrowth

D. planting gardens

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