2014年4月12日第三篇托福阅读真题+题目+答案：Plant and Animal Life of the Pacific Islands

4月12日的托福阅读真题分别为：Plant and Animal Life of the Pacific Islands、Water Management in Early Agriculture、Surface Fluids on Venus and Earth。一起来看看你错了几题。

2014年4月12日第三篇托福阅读真题+题目+答案：Plant and Animal Life of the Pacific Islands

There are both great similarities and considerable diversity in the ecosystems that evolved on the islands of Oceania in and around the Pacific Ocean. The islands, such as New Zealand, that were originally parts of continents still carry some small plant and animal remnants of their earlier biota (animal and plant life), and they also have been extensively modified by evolution, adaptation, and the arrival of new species. By contrast, the other islands, which emerged via geological processes such as volcanism, possessed no terrestrial life, but over long periods, winds, ocean currents, and the feet, feathers, and digestive tracts of birds brought the seeds of plants and a few species of animals. Only those species with ways of spreading to these islands were able to undertake the long journeys, and the various factors at play resulted in diverse combinations of new colonists on the islands. One estimate is that the distribution of plants was 75 percent by birds, 23 percent by floating, and 2 percent by wind.

1. The word “remnants” in the passage is closet in meaning to

A.remainders

B.reminders

C.reproductions

D.resemblances

答案:A

2. The passage supports which of the following statements about species on volcanic islands?

A.Volcanic island species are unlike the species found in other Pacific Ocean locations.

B.Volcanic islands lack the diversity of species found elsewhere in the Pacific.

C.Volcanic island species are all transplants from distant locations and exist in combinations not found elsewhere.

D.Volcanic island species differ from those on other islands in that animal species how greater diversity than plant species do.

答案:C

3. According to paragraph 1, how did the majority of plant species arrive on islands created by geological processes such as volcanism?

A.They were transported by ocean currents.

B.They were carried to the islands by birds.

C.They were brought to the islands by humans.

D.They were transported by winds.

答案:B

The migration of Oceanic biota was generally from west to east, with four major factors influencing their distribution and establishment. The first was the size and fertility of the islands on which they landed, with larger islands able to provide hospitality for a wider range of species. Second, the further east the islands, generally the less the species diversity, largely because of the distance that had to be crossed and because the eastern islands tended to be smaller, more scattered, and remote. This easterly decline in species diversity is well demonstrated by birds and coral fish. It is estimated that there were over 550 species of birds in New Guinea, 127 in the Solomon Islands, 54 in Fiji, and 17 in the Society Islands. From the west across the Pacific, the Bismarck Archipelago and the Solomon Islands have more than 90 families of shore fish (with many species within the families), Fiji has 50 families, and the Society Islands have 30. Third, the latitude of the islands also influenced the biotic mix, as those islands in relatively cooler latitudes, notably New Zealand, were unsuited to supporting some of the tropical plants with which Pacific islands are generally associated.

4. The word “remote” in the passage is closet in meaning to

A.unknown

B.isolated

C.hostile

D.infertile

答案：B

5. In paragraph 2, what is the author’s purpose in mentioning the estimated numbers of birds and coral fish species on various Oceanic islands?

A.To give examples of the wide range of species that can be found on Oceanic islands

B.To demonstrate how much knowledge about Oceanic species has been accumulated

C.To illustrate the decline in species diversity from west to east on Oceanic islands

D.To identify the influence of latitude upon Oceanic plants and animals

答案：C

6. Which of the sentences below best expresses the essential information in the highlighted sentence in the passage? Incorrect choices change the meaning in important ways or leave out essential information.

A.Because of its latitude, New Zealand had a relatively cooler climate than other Pacific islands.

B.New Zealand, like other Pacific islands, showed the effects of latitudes on its rich tropical plants.

C.Because the latitudinal position of an island also affected its biotic mix, islands in cooler latitudes did not support some tropical species typical of the Pacific islands.

D.Pacific islands were notable for their impressive biotic mix and association with tropical plants.

答案：C

7. According to paragraph 2, all of the following types of islands are associated with higher species diversity EXCEPT

A.islands that are large in size

B.islands located in cool latitudes 120

C.islands located in the western part of Oceania

D.islands located near other landmasses

答案：B

2014年4月12日第三篇托福阅读真题+题目+答案：Plant and Animal Life of the Pacific Islands，完整版10元有偿下载！