TPO55阅读真题+题目+答案下载：Evolution of the Flowering Plants

TPO55阅读真题+题目+答案下载：Evolution of the Flowering Plants

Many aspects of the history of flowering plants (angiosperms) remain mysterious. Evidence of the earliest angiosperms comes from fossilized leaves, stems, fruits, pollen, and, very rarely, flowers. In addition, there has been much study of modern plant morphology (structure) and genetics in order to determine which living species might be most closely related to the ancient ancestors of angiosperms. Despite intensive efforts for over 200 years, scientists have still not reached consensus on which type of plant was the ancestor to the angiosperms, and when and where the angiosperms first evolved. Indeed, Charles Darwin himself called the origin of the flowering plants an “abominable mystery.”

15.The word “intensive” in the passage is closest in meaning to

A.periodic

B.various

C.strong

D.promising

16.The phrase “not reached consensus on” in the passage is closest in meaning to

A.not formulated a theory about

B.not agreed on

C.not been able to explain

D.not found evidence for

17.According to paragraph 1, all of the following types of evidence have been important forstudying the history of angiosperms EXCEPT

A.fossils of angiosperm stems and leaves

B.knowledge of the structure of modern angiosperms

C.large collections of well-preserved angiosperm flowers

D.genetic studies of modern angiosperms

What type of plant was the ancestor to the angiosperms? Most botanists now agree that the flowering plants are monophyletic in origin, meaning that they evolved from a common ancestor.■ Some paleontologists have suggested that the common ancestor may have been a type of cycad (palmlike tropical plants). ■Other paleontologists maintain that the angiosperms may have evolved from seed-bearing ferns. ■Finally, analysis of the morphological traits of some primitive living plants suggests that the ancestor may have been related to the modern pines. ■The question of angiosperm ancestry remains unresolved.

18.The word “maintain” in the passage is closest in meaning to

A.reply

B.assume

C.suspect

D claim

19.According to paragraph 2, most botanists now believe which of the following aboutangiosperms?

A The ancestor of today' s angiosperms was most likely a palmlike tropical plant

B.Today's angiosperms can be traced back to a single ancestor

C. Angiosperms likely evolved from three very different plants

D. Angiosperms share a common ancestor with modern pines

The time and place of the first appearance of flowering plants have long been a topic of great interest. There is good fossil evidence that early angiosperms, including a number resembling modern magnolias, were present in the Early Cretaceous geologic period (more than 100 million years ago). Angiosperms became increasingly abundant during this period. Between 100 million and 65 million years ago, a period known as the Late Cretaceous, angiosperms increased from less than 1 percent of flora (plant life) to well over 50 percent. Many of the modern plant families appeared during this time period. In the Early Tertiary period which followed, angiosperms increased to comprise 90 percent or more of Earth's total flora. Where did these successful plants first originate and spread from?

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