TPO63阅读真题+题目+答案下载：The Roman Empire

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TPO63阅读真题+题目+答案下载：The Roman Empire

[ Paragraph 1 ] After the formation of the Roman Republ ic in 509 B C., the Romans expanded the borders of their realm through near-continuous warfare. At its greatest extent, in the early second century A.D, the Roman Empire reached from the Euphrates River in southwest Asia to Scotland in the West. The vast territory ringed the Mediterranean Sea-mare nostrum, or "our sea," the Romans called it. As the Romans absorbed the peoples they conquered, they imposed on them a legal, administrative, and cultural structure that endured for some five centuries -in the eastern Mediterranean until the fifteenth century AD-and left a lasting mark on the civilizations that emerged in Europe.

1. According to paragraph 1, which of the fo llowing is true of the Roman Empire?

A. It included more territory in the early second century A D than at any other time

B. It had reached the Euphrates River in southwest Asia by 509 B.C.

C. It endured in the eastern Mediterranean for about five centuries.

D. It allowed conquered peoples to keep their own government and cultural structures.

2. Paragraph 1 suggests that the Romans called the Mediterranean Sea mare nostrum, or "our sea," because they

A. controlled all the territory that surrounded the Mediterranean

B. had explored the Mediterranean more thoroughly than any other group of people

C. extended Roman rule by absorbing Mediterranean culture from other countries

D. thought that only Roman ships should sail on the Mediterranean

[ Paragraph 2 ] Conquering and maintaining a vast empire required not only inspired leadership and tactics but also careful planning, massive log istica l support, and great administrative skill. Some of Rome's most enduring contributions to Western civilization-its system of law, its governmental and administrative structures, and its sophisticated civil engineering and architecture-reflect these qualities.

[ Paragraph 3] To facilitate the development and administration of the empire, as well as to make city life comfortable and attractive to its cit izens, the Roman government undertook building programs of unprecedented scale and complexity, mandat ing the construction of centra l administrative and legal centers (forums and basilicas), recreational facilities (racetracks and stadiums), theaters, public baths, roads, bridges, aqueducts (bridge-like structures for carrying fresh water from the mountains), middle-class housing, and even new towns. To accomplish these tasks without sacrificing beauty, efficiency, and human well-being, Roman builders and architects developed rational plans using easily worked but durable materials and highly sophisticated engineering methods. The architect Vitruvius described these accomplishments in his Ten Books of Architecture.

4. The word "durable" in the passage is closest in meaning to

A. convenient

B. attractive

C. low-cost

D. long-lasting

5. The word "remnants" in the passage is closest in meaning to

A. copies

B. Plans

C. remains

D. surfaces

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