TPO64阅读真题+题目+答案下载：The Development of Complex Societies in Ancient Mexico

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TPO64阅读真题+题目+答案下载：The Development of Complex Societies in Ancient Mexico

Between 9,000 and 4,000 years ago, most of Mexico was inhabited mainly by hunter-foragers who lived in small bands that moved with the seasons to exploit cactus fruits, deer herds, nuts, and the hundreds of other plant and animal species in their range, depending on the season. Since these bands were small in size and never stayed in one place for a sufficient period of time to have much long-term effect on the plant and animal populations on which they subsisted, the hunter-foragers’ overall impact on their environment was low. A few groups along the margins of the lake in the Valley of Mexico may have been sedentary villagers, as were some groups along the coasts, and their role in the domestication of plants and animals and the eventual spread of agriculture is unclear. Some researchers suggest, however, that by about 4,000 years ago, maize cob size had become large enough that people over large areas of the Mexican highlands could subsist mainly on maize.

1. According to paragraph 1, which of the following developments occurred in Mexico between 9,000 and 4,000 years ago?

A.Sedentary villages gradually disappeared, except along the coast and along lakeshores.

B.Agriculture spread steadily as more and more plants and animals were domesticated.

C.Hunter-foragers living on the coasts moved to the highlands.

D.Maize emerged as the dominant food plant.

2. Which of the sentences below best expresses the essential information in the highlighted sentence in the passage?

In correct choices change the meaning in important ways or leave out essential in formation

A.These small bands never stayed in one place long enough to get the most out of the plants and animals on which they lived

B.To keep their impact on the environment low, these small bands never stayed anywhere for very long.

C.These bands were small and moved frequently, so they had relatively little impact on their environment.

D.Because these bands were small and did not settle anywhere, there is never enough evidence of the effect they had on their environment.

The recent re-dating of some of the supposedly earliest domesticated maize in Mesoamerica (Ancient Mexico) to about 3500 B c. raises the possibility that initial agriculture evolved out of intensified foraging by groups of people who were relatively sedentary, perhaps living all or most of the year in one or a few places, and that they were perhaps even in the process of developing social differences (social hierarchy) that increased the intensity of their foraging. However, maize was domesticated: and by whom, maize appears to have reached sufficient productivity to permit the village-farming way of life soon after about 2000 B.C., and agricultural communities appeared at about this time in many different areas.

3. Paragraph 2 supports the idea that the development of social differences would have had which of the following effects?

A.A quickening of the transition to early agriculture

B.A slowing down of the change to sedentary life

C.Less contact among foraging groups

D.Conflict within foraging groups

From the hot, wet coastal lowlands to the arid Tehuacan Valley, the earliest villages were quite similar in size and contents. Almost all houses were built using the wattle-and-daub method-sticks, branches, and cane were woven in-and-out between vertical wall poles, then covered with a mud plaster, which was dried by the hot sun Houses, which were seldom larger than four by six meters, featured thatched roofs and tamped clay floors on which fine sand was scattered.

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