2015年12月12日托福独立写作范文：Some companies provide important products or service, but also damage environmen

2015年12月12日托福独立写作范文：Some companies provide important products or service, but also damage environment. Some people believe that government should require more penalty, higher tax and larger fine of these companies, while others believe there are better ways. Which do you prefer? 

托福独立写作解题思路：

应该惩罚

1.激发民众环保意识

a.抵制污染企业：惩罚破坏环境的企业，激发民众的环保意识，会产生不购买该企业产品的行为，并且口口相传该企业的不良行为，给企业施加改革的压力

b.引发养成环保习惯的热情：政府惩罚这些企业，意味着政府重视环保，也会激励民众去环保

2.促使企业采取环保措施

a.处理已有污染：企业为了避免进一步罚款，会采取措施，比如：污水处理等，来处理已有污染，从而保护了环境

b.研发新型环保产品：为了避免罚款，适应市场需求，企业会投入资金研发新型环保产品

托福独立写作范文一：

In recent years, the concept of sustainable development, balancing the economic prosperity and environmental protection, has been widely acknowledged by the majority of individuals and governments. Followed by such an ideology, some environmentalists and government officials propose that higher tax or more penalty should be imposed on companies which damage environment even though they provide important products or service. It sounds reasonable in some aspects. However, when we examine the issue closely, we may find that such a proposal is ineffective and many other ways are more practical and effective.

To begin with, the policy of increasing penalty or tax is with limited effects in terms of reducing pollutions resulted from industrial sector. It is tempting to think that once the authoritative institutions introduce stricter policies, like the staggering penalty or tax regarding polluted water or gas caused by factories, the majority of entrepreneurs would be deterred and stop releasing unprocessed water or gas. However, advocates of such a plan neglect the fact that there are various alternatives for companies to shift the cost. For instance, they can increase the price of products or service. As a result, it is consumers who end up paying for the policy in the form of increased products’ price, which would definitely deviate from the primary purpose of the move. In this case, manipulating the behavior of private sector simply by increasing penalty or tax does not work.

Furthermore, advancing the technology or developing new energy might be advisable. Currently, some critics concerning industrial pollution are, to some extent, with the self-righteous attitude, which regard the businessmen as greedy who only care about profits regardless of any social responsibility. In this case, only the increased penalty can tug their heartstring and reconsider their business strategy. However, apart from the reason I mentioned before that business sector has other alternatives to combat the policy, other factors also need to be taken into account, like the energy efficiency, the availability of environmental facilities, and the form of energy. Take the power company as an example. In order to ensure the enough electricity to factories and households, the companies are 

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