TPO59阅读真题+题目+答案下载：Dealing with Extreme Cold

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TPO59阅读真题+题目+答案下载：Dealing with Extreme Cold

[ Paragraph 1] There are a number of environments in which organisms are exposed to temperatures below 0°C and thus the risk of freezing. In polar regions, terrestrial organisms are exposed to freezing temperatures for most of the year. In more temperate regions, they may have to tolerate several months of winter, when subzero temperatures persist for long periods of t ime. High mountains are another place where there is permanent snow and ice, even at the equator. Exposure to subzero temperatures may occur on a daily and/or seasonal basis.

1. The word "persist " in the passage is closest in meaning to

A. continue

B. return

C. vary widely

D. keep fal ling

[ Paragraph 2] Endothermic animals (warm-blooded animals) can stop their bodies from freezing by generating their own heat. They reta in heat because of the insulation provided by feathers or fur, and the layer of fat beneath the skin. Other heat conservation measures include huddling together, recovering heat from exhaled breath, and recovering heat from the extremities of the body. Endotherms can remain active in the cold if they can find enough food, or they can reduce their metabolism and lie dormant until warmer cond it ions return. Although air temperatures may be low, the temperature beneath an insulating layer of snow, under the ground, or at the bottom of a lake may remain above 0°C. Most organisms, however, can neither generate their own heat nor avoid the freezing temperatures, and for them, the choice is to survive ice formation within their bodies or to prevent their bodies from freezing.

2. The word "conservation" in the passage is closest in meaning to

A. contributing

B. creating

C. distributing

D. saving

[ Paragraph 3] Organisms run the risk of freezing at temperatures that are below the melting point of their body and cell fluids. There are two main responses: either they can survive ice forming within them (they are freezing tolerant) or they have mechanisms that ensure that their flu ids remain liquid at temperatures that are below the freezing point of water and the melt ing。。。。。。此处省略余下原文！

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